International Development

FSI researchers consider international development from a variety of angles. They analyze ideas such as how public action and good governance are cornerstones of economic prosperity in Mexico and how investments in high school education will improve China’s economy.

They are looking at novel technological interventions to improve rural livelihoods, like the development implications of solar power-generated crop growing in Northern Benin.

FSI academics also assess which political processes yield better access to public services, particularly in developing countries. With a focus on health care, researchers have studied the political incentives to embrace UNICEF’s child survival efforts and how a well-run anti-alcohol policy in Russia affected mortality rates.

FSI’s work on international development also includes training the next generation of leaders through pre- and post-doctoral fellowships as well as the Draper Hills Summer Fellows Program.

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Gary Mukai
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The following is Part 6 of a multiple-part series. To read previous installments in this series, please visit the following articles: Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, and Part 5.

On December 8, 2020, January 19, 2021, March 16, 2021, May 18, 2021, and July 20, 2021, SPICE posted five articles that highlight reflections from 41 students on the question, “What does it mean to be an American?” Part 6 features eight additional reflections.

The free educational website “What Does It Mean to Be an American?” offers six lessons on immigration, civic engagement, leadership, civil liberties & equity, justice & reconciliation, and U.S.–Japan relations. The lessons encourage critical thinking through class activities and discussions. On March 24, 2021, SPICE’s Rylan Sekiguchi was honored by the Association for Asian Studies for his authorship of the lessons that are featured on the website, which was developed by the Mineta Legacy Project in partnership with SPICE.

Since the website launched in September 2020, SPICE has invited students to review and share their reflections on the lessons. Below are the reflections of eight students. The reflections below do not necessarily reflect those of the SPICE staff.

Aime Chao, California
The American Dream is a set of ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity, and equality. These ideals are not necessarily the reality; for example, my Japanese American grandmother was unconstitutionally incarcerated during WWII. Yet, the same ideals made it possible for my family from East Asia to build a life in the United States. The juxtaposition of the American Dream and the facts on the ground unveils the characteristic of America that distinguishes what it means to be American—that everyone has a voice. I am growing up in a time when my country is increasingly polarized, and it can be challenging to identify or be identified with being American. However, the perseverance involved in bettering our future by bridging our reality with our ideals makes me proud of my identity as an American.

Jiahao Guo, Ohio
America is divided. And the division breeds inequality. But there is an often-ignored divide, a geographical one: Rural America vs. Urban America. As an Ohioan, the stark differences between the two Americas are apparent, encompassing all aspects of life, regardless of race or culture. Compared with urban America, the average income is much lower. Infrastructure is ignored. Education opportunities are far less accessible. And rural America is often forgotten or even dismissed by the rest of the country. There’s even a term for this: Flyover States. States so unimportant you can just fly over them. I am constantly reminded of this divide. Some say that this is just a fact to be accepted. But in the land of opportunity, we must do our best to bring about a more equal landscape.

Noah Kurima, California
America is a unique experiment. Our founding fathers concocted a country not based on race but on the unfathomable-at-the-time ideals of freedom, equality, and opportunity. To me, to be an American means to aspire for these ideals during smooth sailing, but also when faced with adversity. There is so much noise right now—the pandemic, school shootings, the recent rise of racial hate and violence. But we must look around and observe the appalling abuses of authoritarian regimes around the world. We must acknowledge the immense power of our rights and freedoms, as well as their vulnerability. We must be willing to spend the long nights in the laboratory that is our democracy, avoiding corrosive missteps and working to perfect the seemingly volatile formula for liberty and justice for all.

Riya Narayan, Tennessee
The American Dream is the idea that our country fosters equality, peaceful opportunity, and the freedom to pursue life. It is through this simple notion that millions of people immigrate to the United States every single year, and it’s why my family immigrated here in 2011. What does this American Dream stand for? For me, it symbolizes the peaceful unity of people from different cultures, backgrounds, and identities. It represents the sharing of ideas and a drive for positive change. For my family, it represents a world of opportunity. My parents and I became American citizens in May 2019, and ever since, we have worked to uphold this purpose: to be a vessel for the innovation, creativity, and equality our country brings for the betterment of others. This, for me, is what it means to be an American.

Jack Pelster-Wiebe, Minnesota
I have a complicated relationship with America and American-ness. I am not legally a citizen, but I am a white person who’s lived in the United States for the majority of my life. I also speak English with an American-adjacent Canadian accent, and so I’ve rarely been treated as though I don’t belong here. But still, I am not an American. When I think about what divides my American friends from me, I find largely nebulous contradictions that can’t apply to everyone. Then maybe there is no one defining characteristic of an American, nothing that makes them any more or less citizen than the neighbors around them. It’s up to each person to define themselves what makes them American, decide whether they want to tie themselves to the land, border, culture, or whatever feels like “America” to them.

Kevin Phan, Hawaii
I believe it is the cultural practices of every nation that make them distinct. It is what makes the German people German. It is what makes the Chinese people Chinese. Our culture is what makes us American. One doesn’t need to enjoy every single tenant of American culture, but rather enough of it to where it has a strong influence in our lives. People around the world can enjoy things like the NBA, the Kardashians, and Taylor Swift, however, it is only Americans who are able to enjoy those things and more. Thus, it is not an appreciation of our history, nor our citizenship that make us American. It is the love and interests that we culminate through exposure and experience that makes us a part of this nation.

Kasha Tyranski, Florida
“The frog is almost five hundred million years old. Could you really say... that America… will last as long as... the frog?” I can respond to Catch-22’s question with one word: yes. Perhaps not a physical America—but the essence of what it means to be American will outlive the frog. To be American is to be a quilt—a patchwork of struggles, triumphs, and dreams that transcend time. America is my ancestors joining za chlebem with whispers of hope hidden in their coat folds. America is speaking in Tajiki to Dushanbean students, describing the skyscrapers of the place I call home. America is opportunity, dynamism, reflectiveness, and reconciling the past and present. It means being part of a story greater than myself—one that will continue being woven, with or without frogs.

Andy Wattanaskolpant, Tennessee
The concept of being American is rooted in complexity, curiosity, and change. It is based on the notion that our uniqueness and individuality help to unite us. Indeed, our country has been marred by a history of injustice that still impacts us today, however, the fundamental idea of being American is the eagerness to push for change. Over the years, I have noticed the dynamic change happening in America—within the police system, the political environment, the food industry. There is no doubt that the rudimentary attitude of change is continuing to perpetuate inside the minds of Americans. I find myself realizing that utilizing love as the drive for change makes the fight all the more worth it. To love is what makes me most American.

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What Does It Mean to Be an American?: Reflections from Students (Part 5)

Reflections of eight students on the website "What Does It Mean to Be an American?"
What Does It Mean to Be an American?: Reflections from Students (Part 5)
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headshots of eight high school students
Clockwise from top left: Aime Chao, Jiahao Guo, Noah Kurima, Riya Narayan, Jack Pelster-Wiebe, Kevin Phan, Kasha Tyranski, Andy Wattanaskolpant
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Reflections of eight students on the website “What Does It Mean to Be an American?”

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For winter quarter 2021, CISAC will be hosting hybrid events. Many events will offer limited-capacity in-person attendance for Stanford faculty, staff, fellows, visiting scholars, and students in accordance with Stanford’s health and safety guidelines, and be open to the public online via Zoom. All CISAC events are scheduled using the Pacific Time Zone. 

SEMINAR RECORDING

This event is virtual only. This event will not be held in person.

David Sloss Professor of Law Santa Clara University
Seminars
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Ravichandra Tadigadapa is a Coterminal MIP student from Mumbai, India. For his undergraduate degree at Stanford, Ravi is majoring in Economics and International Relations, with Honors in Democracy, Development, and The Rule of Law. His interests include economic development, global history, electoral politics, and democracy. In addition to experience working with political parties in India, Ravi has interned with the Ghana Center for Democratic Development, the Center for Policy Research, and the University Network for Human Rights. On campus, he has conducted research with the Cyber Policy Center and has worked on multiple India-related projects with the King Center on Global Development. He’s currently working on his undergraduate thesis, investigating the intellectual history of the Directive Principles of the Indian Constitution.

Master's in International Policy Class of 2023
CDDRL Honors Student, 2021-22
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Dulguun Batmunkh, from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is pursuing a MA in international policy at Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. She earned a bachelor’s degree in international relations from the National University of Mongolia, and a master’s degree in public policy from the University of Finance and Economics in Mongolia. Following her undergraduate studies, Dulguun worked as a Program Manager at the Konrad-Adenauer-Foundation in Mongolia, where she focused on designing and establishing civic education programs and sustainable collaboration platforms for promising young politicians and mid-career level women to promote their proactive participation at the political decision-making level.

Dulguun is involved in several youth-led initiatives of the United Nations and has served as the Secretary-General of the United Nations Youth Advisory Panel in Mongolia from 2013 to 2016. She is also a co-founder of the United Nations Association of Mongolia, which aims at filling the opportunity gap in Mongolia through implementing innovative projects that promote sustainable development. Before coming to Stanford, Dulguun served as the Development Cooperation Officer of the German Embassy in Ulaanbaatar and managed the conclusion of bilateral negotiations and project agreements between the German and Mongolian governments. She also initiated and co-chaired the development partners working group on technical and vocational education and training to enhance the knowledge management and cooperation between the multi-stakeholders in this sector.

Dulguun is a recipient of the President’s Scholarship of Mongolia and the Women's Scholarship for Peace by the UNODA. As a Knight-Hennessy-Scholar at Stanford University, she hopes to collaborate with and learn from a diverse group of outstanding peers, while strengthening her capacity to enhance multilateral development cooperation mechanisms with a particular focus on the education sector.

Master's in International Policy Class of 2023
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Tanvi joins the MIP program after working as a consultant for four years where she advised pharmaceutical clients on their Marketing and Supply Chain strategies. She also led the global women’s initiative at her firm, working towards equity and representation in the workplace. She holds a bachelor’s degree in Economics from New York University, where her undergraduate research focused on development. Through the MIP program, Tanvi hopes to examine the role of policy interventions in the alleviation of the gender gap in healthcare and to design incentives to advance women’s development through public-private partnerships. By specializing in Governance and Development, she hopes to leverage the skills she honed as a consultant to understand and address real-world challenges faced by women. In her spare time, Tanvi enjoys reading, exploring new cuisines, listening to podcasts and traveling.

Master's in International Policy Class of 2023
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This is a virtual event. Please click here to register and generate a link to the talk. 
The link will be unique to you; please save it and do not share with others.

 

At the end of 2021 China Evergrande Group—one of China’s biggest property developers—finally defaulted on its bonds. The default didn’t spark a Lehman Moment—as widely prophesied—or any significant market upheaval, but it’s increasingly clear that Evergrande’s problems mark the start of a momentous shift in how China’s economy grows. Over the past 18 months, Beijing has induced a slowdown of the property sector with the goal of better ensuring financial sector stability and the sustainability of property sector growth. However, it has resulted in defaults, restructuring, and consolidation among China’s largest developers, and has implication for local government finance and the pace of economic growth. This talk will discuss the challenges posed by Evergrande’s decline and imminent restructuring, what Beijing is trying to achieve by reining in the property sector, and what risks are involved.

 



Portrait of Dinny McMahonDinny McMahon is the author of “China's Great Wall of Debt: Shadow Banks, Ghost Cities, Massive Loans, and the End of the Chinese Miracle,” a ground up look at the mechanics of China’s political economy, which he wrote while a fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars. He later moved to MacroPolo, the Paulson Institute’s think tank in Chicago, where he researched China’s efforts to clean up its financial system. Dinny started his career as a financial journalist in China, spending six years in Beijing with The Wall Street Journal, and four years with Dow Jones Newswires in Shanghai, where he also contributed to the Far Eastern Economic Review. Dinny is currently working on a project for the Wilson Center on China’s efforts to reduce its reliance on the US dollar. He also provides independent research on China’s financial system for financial services firms.

 


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Chinese 100 yuan bills

This event is part of the 2022 Winter webinar series, The Future of China's Economy, sponsored by the APARC China Program.

 

Via Zoom Webinar. Register at: https://bit.ly/3pkTQfE

Dinny McMahon Global Fellow, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Seminars
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Soomin Jun is a Master’s in International Policy Class of '22 at Stanford. Soomin is interested in finding unconventional solutions for public policy through prioritizing inclusivity in policymaking. Over the summer, she interned at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), where she analyzed the economic impacts of climate change in the region and researched strategies to build resilient economies post-COVID-19.

Prior to Stanford, Soomin spent four years with The Asia Foundation in Mongolia. She worked closely with Ulaanbaatar City to mitigate risks from economic volatility rooted in Mongolia’s extractive industry-based economy. One of her accomplishments includes establishing Mongolia’s first Women’s Business Center and Incubator, a Center with over 5,000 clients that promotes women’s role in the higher-value-added sectors such as tech start-ups.

Soomin holds a B.A. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with the highest distinction, where she completed a double major in Economics and Global Studies and a minor in Chinese. In her free time, Soomin enjoys playing golf and practicing yoga.

Master's in International Policy Class of 2022
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Daniel Gajardo, from Santiago, Chile, graduated from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile with a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering and a diploma in hydraulic engineering. Daniel aspires to address environmental problems with an interdisciplinary approach, combining social and environmental sciences. He has worked as head of consulting in TriCiclos, a Latin American circular economy company, and he co-founded Engineers Without Borders Chile, a nonprofit seeking to improve the quality of life of underserved communities through the application of humanitarian engineering methodologies. He has been recognized with multiple awards, including Best Graduating Student by Pontificia’s School of Engineering, Best Graduate by Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile's alumni foundation, and for his leadership skills and social commitment by the Chilean Institute of Engineers.

Master's in International Policy Class of 2022
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Chaeri Park is pursuing a Master's degree in International Policy at Stanford, with a concentration in Cyber Policy and Security. She comes to Stanford after working as a foreign service officer for seven years in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea. She was involved in diverse areas of global cooperation from public diplomacy to economic affairs, where she focused on the Northeast Asian region. Chaeri was also posted to the Korean Embassy in Tokyo as a Second Secretary, and spent two years in Japan.

  At Stanford, Chaeri is expanding her area of interest to cybersecurity, propaganda, and emerging technologies. She successfully completed her position as a Student Fellow with the Japanese Diaspora project at the Hoover Institute and a summer internship with the Asia Society Policy Institute (APSI) in Washington D.C., where she worked on projects related to developments of Ethical Artificial Intelligence(AI) and privacy laws in Southeast Asia.   Chaeri graduated from Korea University in 2013 with a Bachelor's degree in Economics and Business Administration. Outside of class, she enjoys playing violin and golfing with her friends.
Master's in International Policy Class of 2022
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Callista Wells
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On October 6, 2021, the APARC China Program hosted the panel program, "Engaging China: Fifty Years of Sino-American Relations." In honor of her recently released book of the same title, Director of the Grassroots China Initiative Anne Thurston was joined by contributors Mary Bullock, President Emerita of Agnes Scott College; Thomas Fingar, Shorenstein APARC Fellow; and David M. Lampton, Professor Emeritus at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). Thomas Fingar also moderated the panel.

Recent years have seen the U.S.-China relationship rapidly deteriorate. Engaging China brings together leading China specialists—ranging from academics to NGO leaders to former government officials—to analyze the past, present, and future of U.S.-China relations.

During their panel, Bullock, Fingar, Lampton, and Thurston reflected upon the complex and multifaceted nature of American engagement with China since the waning days of Mao’s rule. What initially motivated U.S.’ rapprochement with China? Until recent years, what logic and processes have underpinned the U.S. foreign policy posture towards China? What were the gains and the missteps made during five decades of America’s engagement policy toward China? What is the significance of our rapidly deteriorating bilateral relations today? Watch now: 

For more information about Engaging China or to purchase a copy, please click here.

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Xi and Biden
Q&As

Biden, Xi Will Want To Diminish Exaggerated Characterizations of Bilateral Friction, Stanford Scholar Says

In this Q&A, Stanford scholar Thomas Fingar discusses what to expect when President Biden meets with Chinese President Xi Jinping.
Biden, Xi Will Want To Diminish Exaggerated Characterizations of Bilateral Friction, Stanford Scholar Says
Taiwan
Commentary

America's Future in Taiwan

Intensifying threats of a military conflict over Taiwan have brought uncertainty to the stability of regional security for Southeast Asia, according to Center Fellow Oriana Skylar Mastro on radio show On Point.
America's Future in Taiwan
USS Key West during during joint Australian-United States military exercises Talisman Sabre 2019 in the Coral Sea.
Commentary

In Defense of AUKUS

This is not only about nuclear-powered submarines; it is about a strengthened US commitment to Australia.
In Defense of AUKUS
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"Engaging China: Fifty Years of Sino-American Relations" book cover
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Was the strategy of engagement with China worthwhile? Experts Mary Bullock, Thomas Fingar, David M. Lampton, and Anne Thurston discuss their recent release, "Engaging China: Fifty Years of Sino-American Relations."

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