Stanford University

Institutions and Organizations

Lessons Learned, Challenges Ahead: The FBI's Role in Safeguarding National Security

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Robert Mueller was nominated by President George W. Bush and became the sixth Director of the FBI on September 4, 2001.

 

Born in New York City, Mr. Mueller grew up outside of Philadelphia. He graduated from Princeton University in 1966 and later earned a master’s degree in International Relations at New York University.

 

After college, he joined the United States Marine Corps, where he served as an officer for three years, leading a rifle platoon of the Third Marine Division in Vietnam. He is the recipient of the Bronze Star, two Navy Commendation Medals, the Purple Heart, and the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry.

 

Following his military service, Mr. Mueller earned a law degree from the University of Virginia Law School in 1973 and served on the Law Review.

 

After completing his education, Mr. Mueller worked as a litigator in San Francisco until 1976. He then served for 12 years in United States Attorney’s Offices, first in the Northern District of California in San Francisco, where he rose to be chief of its criminal division. In 1982, he moved to Boston as an Assistant United States Attorney, where he investigated and prosecuted major financial fraud, terrorist, and public corruption cases, as well as narcotics conspiracies and international money launderers.

 

After serving as a partner at the Boston law firm of Hill and Barlow, Mr. Mueller returned to public service. In 1989 he served in the United States Department of Justice as an assistant to Attorney General Richard L. Thornburgh. The following year he took charge of its Criminal Division. In 1991, he was elected Fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers.

 

In 1993, Mr. Mueller became a partner at Boston’s Hale and Dorr, specializing in complex white collar crime litigation. He again returned to public service in 1995 as senior litigator in the Homicide Section of the District of Columbia United States Attorney’s Office. In 1998, Mr. Mueller was named United States Attorney in San Francisco and held that position until 2001.

 

Mr. Mueller and his wife, Ann, have two daughters.

 

The Payne Lectureship is named for Frank E. Payne and Arthur W. Payne, brothers who gained an appreciation for global problems through their international business operations.

The Payne Distinguished Lecturer is chosen for his or her international reputation as a leader, with an emphasis on visionary thinking; a broad, practical grasp of a given field; and the capacity to clearly articulate an important perspective on the global community and its challenges.

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SIEPR Koret-Taube Conference Center
John A. and Cynthia Fry Gunn Building
366 Galvez Street

Robert S. Mueller III Sixth Director (Ret.) of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation and Former United States Attorney for the Northern District of California Speaker
Lectures
Frank E. and Arthur W. Payne Lecture Series

Emily Arnold-Fernández

Asylum Access
1611 Telegraph Avenue
Suite #1111
Oakland, CA 94612

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PSE Visiting Practitioner in Residence, 2013-14
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Emily Arnold-Fernández was a social entrepreneur in residence during the fall 2012 quarter with CDDRL's Program on Social Entrepreneurship. She will be spending the 2013/14 academic year as a practitioner-in-residence with the Program on Social Entrepreneurship.

She is the founder and executive director of Asylum Access, is a social entrepreneur and human rights pioneer. Recognizing that refugees throughout Africa, Asia and Latin America – some of whom flee with nothing more than the clothes on their backs – were almost always unequipped to go into a legal proceeding in a foreign country, alone, and explain why they should not be deported, Emily founded Asylum Access to advocate on behalf of refugees seeking to assert their rights.

“For half a century, international law has given refugees the rights to live safely,
seek employment, send children to school and rebuild their lives. But those rights are
meaningless unless they are respected on the ground,” she says. “Asylum Access
provides a rare opportunity to fill a gaping hole in our human rights system – by making
refugee rights a reality for real people.”

For her innovative approach to the global refugee crisis, Emily was honored by the
Dalai Lama as one of 50 “Unsung Heroes of Compassion” from around the world (2009)
and Waldzell Institute’s Architects of the Future Award (2012). She has also been
recognized as Pomona College’s Inspirational Young Alumna (2006), awarded the
prestigious Echoing Green fellowship (2007), and recognized as the New Leaders
Council’s 40 Under 40 (2010), among others. Emily’s ground-breaking work with
Asylum Access has earned her international speaking invitations and widespread media
attention, including the Rotary International Peace Symposium (2008, 2009), the UN
High Commissioner for Refugees’ Annual Consultations (2008, 2009), a cover feature in
the Christian Science Monitor (September 2009), and the San Francisco Examiner’s
Credo column (July 2011). She holds a B.A. cum laude from Pomona College and a J.D.
from Georgetown University Law Center.

Committed to sharing her knowledge with young and aspiring social
entrepreneurs, Emily serves as an adjunct professor at the University of San Francisco,
teaching a course in social entrepreneurship. In Fall 2012, Emily was selected as one of
three Social Entrepreneurs in Residence at Stanford where she participated as “expert
respondent” in Stanford Law School’s Law, Social Entrepreneurship and Social Change
course, and in Spring 2013, Emily led an intensive skills-building course on social
entrepreneurship at Pomona College.

A visionary human rights activist, Emily Arnold-Fernández takes her inspiration
from a line in a June Jordan poem: “We are the ones we have been waiting for.”

Counterinsurgency: A Conceptual Reassessment

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER: Niccolò Petrelli is a postdoctoral fellow at CISAC. His research focuses on reassessing the theory and practice of counterinsurgency. Incorporating insights from the contiguous fields of study of "civil wars" and "peacekeeping operations" and employing critical historical analysis of case studies, the research aims to analyze the features, limits and influence of the theory of Counterinsurgency. Before joining CISAC in 2013, Niccolò was a military research fellow at the Military Center for Strategic Studies (Ce.Mi.S.S.) within the Center for Advanced Defense Studies (CASD) in Rome, Italy, and a research assistant at the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) in Herzliya. Niccolò received his PhD in Political Science from the University of Roma Tre in 2013. In his dissertation, he examined the impact of strategic culture on the Israeli approach to counterinsurgency.


ABOUT THE TOPIC: In "Counterinsurgency: A Conceptual Reassessment," Niccolò Petrelli will address unresolved issues in the study of counterinsurgency (COIN). The talk will focus on three main questions: How did COIN theory emerge and which are its intellectual sources? To what extent has COIN practice been informed by theory? Is the population-centric COIN paradigm prevalent in scholarly studies and in the contemporary professional discourse historically accurate? In order to answer these questions, the talk will first outline a critical historical analysis of the development of COIN theory, tracing its intellectual roots and fundamental assumptions. Subsequently, it will reassess practice through the qualitative comparative analysis of several case studies of COIN campaigns.

CISAC Conference Room

Niccolo Petrelli Postdoctoral Fellow, CISAC Speaker

Gil-li Vardi

Not in residence

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Gil-li Vardi joined CISAC as a visiting scholar in December 2011. She completed her PhD at the London School of Economics in 2008, and spent two years as a research fellow at the Oxford Leverhulme Programme on the Changing Character of War at the University of Oxford, after which she joined Notre Dame university as a J. P. Moran Family Assistant Professor of Military History.

Her research examines the interplay between organizational culture, doctrine, and operational patterns in military organizations, and focuses on the incentives and dynamics of change in military thought and practice.

Driven by her interest in both the German and Israeli militaries and their organizational cultures, Vardi is currently revising her dissertation, "The Enigma of Wehrmacht Operational Doctrine: The Evolution of Military Thought in Germany, 1919-1941," alongside preparing a book manuscript on the sources of the Israeli Defence Forces’ (IDF) early strategic and operational perceptions and preferences.

Gil-li Vardi Visiting Scholar, CISAC Commentator
Seminars

2013 Robert G. Wesson Lecture - The Poetics of Protest and Policy: Poet and Activist Javier Sicilia on Peace Beyond the Drug War

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Javier Sicilia is a poet, essayist, novelist, and journalist from Mexico. He contributes to various print media such as the Mexico City daily La Jornada and Proceso magazine. After his son was killed by drug traffickers in 2011, Sicilia founded an anti-violence called Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity. The group has campaigned against the spreading criminal and state violence in Mexico through massive street mobilizations, caravans and marches. Because of this movement, Sicilia was named as one of Time Magazine's Protestors of the Year for 2011. For his writing, he was awarded the Aguascalientes National Award of Poetry in 2009.

The lecture will be followed by a reception.

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Bechtel Conference Center

Javier Sicilia Poet, Essayist, Novelist, and Journalist Keynote Speaker
Ruben Martinez IDA Visiting Artist Commentator
Angela Garcia Assistant Professor of Anthropology Commentator

Alberto Díaz-Cayeros

Encina Hall, C149
616 Jane Stanford Way
Stanford, CA 94305

(650) 725-0500
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Senior Fellow, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies
Professor, by courtesy, of Political Science
alberto_diaz-cayeros_2024.jpg MA, PhD

Alberto Díaz-Cayeros is a Senior Fellow at Stanford University's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI), and co-director of the Democracy Action Lab (DAL), based at FSI's Center on Democracy, Development and Rule of Law (CDDRL). His research interests include federalism, poverty relief, indigenous governance, political economy of health, violence, and citizen security in Mexico and Latin America.

He is the author of Federalism, Fiscal Authority and Centralization in Latin America (Cambridge, reedited 2016), coauthored with Federico Estévez and Beatriz Magaloni, of The Political Logic of Poverty Relief (Cambridge, 2016), and of numerous journal articles and book chapters.

He is currently working on a project on cartography and the developmental legacies of colonial rule and governance in indigenous communities in Mexico.

From 2016 to 2023, he was the Director of the Center for Latin American Studies at Stanford University, and from 2009 to 2013, Director of the Center for US-Mexican Studies at UCSD, the University of California, San Diego.

Affiliated faculty at the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law
Co-director, Democracy Action Lab
Director of the Center for Latin American Studies (2016 - 2023)
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Alberto Díaz-Cayeros FSI Senior Fellow Commentator
Lectures
Robert G. Wesson Lecture Series in International Relations Theory and Practice

The Prospects for Cybersecurity Cooperation After Snowden

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ABOUT THE TOPIC: In his talk, Jack Goldsmith will explain why he is skeptical about significant cybersecurity cooperation among military rivals, especially at the treaty level. He will, however, argue that the Snowden revelations make such cooperation more, not less, likely.

ABOUT THE SPEAKER: Jack Goldsmith is Henry L. Shattuck Professor of Law at Harvard University, where he specializes in national security law, international law, internet law, and presidential power. Goldsmith is the author of five books and numerous articles covering these topics. His recent books include: Power and Constraint: The Accountable Presidency After 9/11 (W.W. Norton, 2012); The Terror Presidency: Law and Judgment Inside the Bush Administration (W.W. Norton, 2007); Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a Borderless World (Oxford Press, 2006, with Tim Wu); and The Limits of International Law (Oxford Press, 2005, with Eric Posner). Prior to his time at Harvard, Goldsmith was Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel from October 2003 to July 2004 and Special Counsel to the General Counsel to the Department of Defense from September 2002 through June 2003. 

CISAC Conference Room

Jack Goldsmith Henry L. Shattuck Professor of Law, Harvard Law School Speaker
Jonathan Mayer Cybersecurity Fellow, CISAC Commentator
Seminars

Scholars discuss research, possible collaboration on rule of law

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With the American government shut down over congressional budget battles, it seems like a particularly opportune time for scholars to talk about the challenges of governance and the rule of law.

But the political scientists and legal experts who gathered this week for a rule of law workshop organized by the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and Stanford Law School probably didn’t see this crisis coming.

Photo Credit: Rod Searcey

“When we first began talking, Gerhard said the rule of law and governance are not peculiar only to developing counties,” Paul Brest, a professor and former dean of the law school, said as he recalled discussing such a workshop with Gerhard Casper, a constitutional law expert and FSI senior fellow. “I don’t think he predicted where the United States would be today.”

The half-day workshop brought together 20 scholars associated with FSI and the law school who discussed their individual research and explored possibilities for collaboration.

Their wide-ranging discussions covered the definitions and measurement of rule of law, governance in developed and developing countries, political participation, partisanship, and policy implementation.

“How do you implement what sounds like a thoughtful, abstract idea?” asked Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar, FSI’s director and law school professor, in discussing the complexity of the concept of rule of law. “There is something about the rule of law that has to go beyond whether a statute is complied with. A society also has to think smartly about how to manage discretion.”

But bending the rules without breaking the rule of law “is a difficult matter," said law school Professor Jenny Martinez – and one worthy of academic attention.

“Most well-functioning legal systems … involve a certain amount of discretion,” she said. “But that’s something we can explore.”

Discussion sessions were led by Martinez and Cuéllar, as well as Erik Jensen and Bernadette Meyler; Bruce Cain, Larry Diamond and Nathaniel Persily; Francis Fukuyama and Avner Greif.

“There’s a lot of work going on across campus focusing on governance and the rule of law,” Brest said. “Getting together to begin discussing that could create some sort of networks and a whole that is greater than the individual parts.”

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FSI Director Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar leads a discussion during a workshop focused on governance and the rule of law.
Rod Searcey
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Computer Network Attacks and International Law

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER: Elaine Korzak joined CISAC in September 2013 as a predoctoral cybersecurity fellow. She is a PhD student in the Department of War Studies at King's College London. Elaine's thesis evaluates how cyber attacks challenge current legal norms and whether the identified challenges ultimately warrant a new legal framework. The analysis focuses on two areas in particular: international law on the use of force (jus ad bellum) and international humanitarian law (jus in bello). During her time at CISAC, Elaine is conducting empirical research examining states' responses to the legal challenges created by cyber attacks. Her analysis focuses on various state positions in key international forums, including the United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union.

Elaine earned a Bachelor's degree in International Relations from the University of Dresden (Germany) before focusing her research interests at the interface of international law and security studies. She holds both an MA in International Peace and Security from King's College London and an LL.M in Public International Law from the London School of Economics. Her professional experience includes various governmental and non-governmental institutions (both national and international), where she has worked on various disarmament and international security issues. These include, most recently, NATO's Cyber Defence Section as well as the European Commission's Director-General on Information Society and Media.

ABOUT THE TOPIC: With their unique characteristics such as swiftness, its non-kinetic nature and anonymity, computer network attacks fundamentally challenge the current international legal paradigm which is based on a state-centered concept of armed force involving some degree of kinetic energy transfer through blast and fragmentation. It has been argued that a revolution in military affairs has been ushered in by technological advancements that cannot be accommodated within the existing legal framework. Both practitioners and scholars have called for a new regulatory framework to govern computer network attacks. This presentation will give an overview of Elaine's doctoral research project which evaluates these claims by examining if and how computer network attacks challenge key norms of international law on the use of force and international humanitarian law and whether the identified challenges ultimately warrant a new legal framework.   

CISAC Conference Room

Elaine Korzak Speaker Cybersecurity Predoctoral Fellow, CISAC, and PhD Candidate
Andrew K. Woods Cybersecurity Fellow Speaker CISAC
Seminars

The Art of Counting the Governed: Census Accuracy, Civil War, and State Presence

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Recent research in both political science and economics has stressed the importance of the state for providing public goods, curbing civil conict, and fostering economic growth. Moreover, it is now widely recognized that areas where the state is contested, limited, or absent can serve as havens for transnational terrorists, drug cartels, human tra_ckers, pirates, or insurgents. Yet, despite the centrality of the state as a variable of interest, quantitative research has been hampered by disagreements over how to conceptualize state strength and how to measure it in a credible way. To address these problems, in this paper we develop and operationalize a new measure of state presence that aims to capture the extent to which state institutions, agents and rules inuence the decision-making of citizens residing within national boundaries. We present an extensive series of validity checks to distinguish our idea of state presence from other related but distinct concepts in the social science literature. Finally, we demonstrate the potential for our new measure to advance quantitive research on questions of substantive importance in political science by deploying it in a statistical analysis to disentangle competing explanations for civil war onset.

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