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Heather Rahimi
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This summer eight Stanford graduate students will advance their empirical research on China with financial support from the Stanford Center China’s Economy and Institutions (SCCEI).

One of SCCEI’s foundational pillars is to serve as a hub for Stanford students interested in China, providing mentorship, support, and opportunities for engagement that deepen their understanding of issues and possible solutions to the challenges of China’s economic development. Since our launch in January 2020 we have continued to grow our student engagement opportunities here on campus through faculty advising, bi-weekly research workshops, course offerings, and specialized academic events. This past spring, SCCEI launched our inaugural call for student research proposals, offering competitive funding to Stanford graduate students and postdoctoral scholars to fund research on contemporary issues related to China’s economy.

After extensive review and discussion, our committee selected eight students to award with funding to pursue their intended research projects. The students will be conducting research on topics spanning several disciplines, including economics, sociology, and political science. We spoke with each awardee to learn more about what they will be researching and why they are passionate about studying China. Here’s what they had to say:  


Matthew DeButts practices Chinese calligraphy.


Matthew DeButts, PhD Candidate in Communication

“China is an internally diverse, commonly misunderstood country with an unmatched dynamism and resiliency. I’m particularly excited to return to China for the first time since the pandemic, and am hopeful that my favorite Beijing coffee shops have survived.” 


Tianhao Hou portrait


Tianhao Hou, PhD Candidate in Sociology

“Little-know social norms, regulations, and rules in superficially chaotic Chinese politics have always fascinated me. This summer I will be investigating the decision making processes and moral judgments of local officials in China, focusing particularly on how morality affects discretion and its implications on state-society interactions.”


Leo Li photo


Leo Li, SPILS Fellow & Doctor of the Science of Law (JSD) Candidate

“I’m excited to pursue research on the Chinese court system, with a focus on the access to justice issues in debt collection lawsuits and the interplay between law and technology.” 


Victoria Liu headshot


Victoria Liu, PhD Candidate in Political Science

“I will be studying the current state of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. I’m planning on interviewing government officials, media staffers, researchers, and private entrepreneurs about their experience with Belt and Road promotion inside China. I hope to learn the political processes through which inward-facing promotion decisions are made, and the relevant interests that play into these decisions.” 


Jason Luo teaching


 Jason Luo, PhD Candidate in Political Science

“I’m motivated by the enduring pursuit of a more prosperous and freer future by the Chinese people and the complex and constantly changing landscapes of Chinese politics. I’m pursuing research on the political economy of information manipulation within autocratic systems, using evidence from China’s government procurement activities."


Xinyao Qiu headshot


Xinyao Qiu, PhD Candidate in Economics

“China has experienced rapid economic growth over the past few decades, but it has also seen a significant increase in education and income inequality. This is why my research investigates whether students from disadvantaged backgrounds face greater informational barriers when making educational choices in China.”


Ni Yan on Stanford campus


Ni Yan, PhD Candidate in Economics

“I’m excited to explore the topics of marriage and birth in Chinese society, given the unique policies China has adopted and surrounding them and the pressing issue of an aging population and decreasing birth rate.” 


Sally Zhang headshot


Sally Zhang, PhD Candidate in Economics

“Rural China provides a unique context with variation in family structures, with some new parents living with the paternal grandparents and some with the maternal grandparents.  My project studies why information can fail to spread within a household. I will be interviewing households in rural China to understand how they learn new information such as how to best care for infants, how they communicate with one another in the household, and how they make decisions together, especially when there is disagreement.”
 


In today’s climate, conducting research in China has become increasingly challenging. SCCEI hopes to provide not only financial support but also mentorship to new scholars breaking into the field of China studies. Several awardees plan to conduct their research on the ground in China this summer, but have hit bureaucratic barriers on both sides of the Pacific. SCCEI is helping these students navigate the system and ever changing requirements so that they too can pursue their research in the field and contribute to SCCEI’s mission to advance public understanding of China’s economy and its impact on the world. We are excited to follow up with all of the student awardees in the fall to hear more about what they were able to achieve this summer.

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SCCEI awarded the following eight Stanford graduate students with research grants: Jason Luo, Sally Zhang, Matthew DeButts, Xinyao Qiu, Ni Yan, Victoria Liu, Leo Li, and Tianhao Hou. Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions
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This summer eight Stanford graduate students will advance their empirical research on China with financial support from the Stanford Center China’s Economy and Institutions.

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We study the effect of a victimization narrative on national identity and public opinion in China experimentally. Previous research has suggested that governments can shape public opinion by guiding citizens’ collective memories of historical events, but few studies have established a clear causal link. By conducting an online survey experiment among 1890 urban Chinese citizens, we examine the causal impact of historical narratives on political attitudes. We find that, compared to control conditions, a narrative focusing on China’s humiliating past in the late Qing significantly reinforces respondents’ attachment to the victim side of the Chinese national identity, raises suspicion of the intention of foreign governments in international disputes, stimulates preference for more hawkish foreign policies, and strengthens support for China’s current political system. These effects are particularly strong among respondents without a college degree.

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Research & Politics
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One fundamental issue in economic, psychological, and social sciences is whether and how much income truly brings happiness. This paper draws on twins data to examine whether income indeed affects happiness and estimates the size of such an effect. We control for unobserved genetic factors that may impact both income and happiness using identical twins, address measurement error bias, and conduct a series of robustness checks. Income has a much larger effect than previous estimates: doubling income boosts the four-scale happiness value by 0.26 scales or 0.37 SDs. Heterogeneity analyses suggest that income matters most for males and the middle-aged. Our findings emphasize the importance of income maintenance for individuals’ well-being.


Abstract
We estimate the causal effect of income on happiness using a unique dataset of Chinese twins. This allows us to address omitted variable bias and measurement errors. Our findings show that individual income has a large positive effect on happiness, with a doubling of income resulting in an increase of 0.26 scales or 0.37 SDs in the four-scale happiness measure. We also find that income matters most for males and the middle-aged. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for various biases when studying the relationship between socioeconomic status and subjective well-being.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)
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Hongbin Li
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This study utilizes semi-structured interviews to explore the status quo of teacher training of rural and urban public primary school teachers in Henan Province China. Our findings showed that both rural and urban teachers had very limited training opportunities available to them. Most of the participants did not find the current training opportunities useful in improving their teaching practices. Both rural and urban teachers desired training in pedagogy, educational psychology, and curriculum. Rural teachers particularly expressed the need for training in ICT and classroom management skills. Observing education experts’ demonstration classes is the most preferred training format. Policy implications are discussed.

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Educational Research for Policy and Practice
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Scott Rozelle
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Melissa Morgan
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Many analysts, academics, and policymakers believe that in the coming years and decades, the biggest geopolitical challenges will lie between the West — particularly the United States — and China.

These policy challenges are often characterized in terms of rivalry and aggression, with some going so far as to frame U.S.-China relations as “a new Cold War.”

On April 24, in front of a large crowd assembled in Hauck Auditorium, U.S. Congressman Ro Khanna offered an alternative vision. 

A former visiting lecturer at Stanford, Khanna returned to the Farm for an event co-hosted by the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI) and the Hoover Institution to share his perspective on how healthy economic competition between the U.S. and China can be used as vehicle to stabilize relations between the U.S. and China and promotes peace and prosperity on both sides.

A full recording of his remarks, including a follow-up discussion with FSI Director Michael McFaul and Amy Zegart, a Senior Fellow at the Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC), is available below.

An economist by training, Khanna advocates for new trade policies and strategic business partnerships to be front and center in U.S. diplomacy with China. This “rebalancing,” as Khanna termed it, is a call for both countries to pursue a fuller, more robust economic development strategy while continuing to engage with each other.

Drawing inspiration from President John F. Kennedy’s commencement address at American University in 1963, Khanna urged listeners not to view “conflict as inevitable, accommodation as impossible, and communication as nothing more than an exchange of threats,” when it comes to managing the U.S.-China relationship.

Instead, Khanna outlined four key principles he believes will be crucial to navigating the tense years ahead. These include:

  1. An economic reset to reduce trade deficits and tensions
  2. Open lines of communication
  3. Effective military deterrence
  4. Respect for Asian partners and robust economic engagement with the world


Khanna is clear-eyed that these goals will take time to realize. Bringing jobs back to the United States will require large investments in domestic infrastructure. Leaders in Washington will need patience, persistence, and help from partners outside of politics to bridge communication gaps and ensure Beijing picks up its phones in moments of tension. Reallocating defense spending in a way that is fair both to American taxpayers and partners like Taiwan will need cooperation from lawmakers on both sides of the aisle.

But Khanna is confident that these barriers can be overcome. 

“I believe a constructive rebalancing with China can maintain the peace,” he told the audience. “It will not happen overnight. It will not happen with one president or one congressman. But it will happen if all of us - military and business leaders, educators, unions, activists, foreign policy experts and students work toward this goal. [We will win by] helping our own nation flourish and by putting our system and our promise of freedom on display for the world to see.”



Click the link to read Congressman Khanna's full remarks on
"Constructive Rebalancing with China."


 

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U.S. Congressman Ro Khanna [center] onstage with Amy Zegart [left] and Michael McFaul [right].
Congressman Ro Khanna joined Amy Zegart and Michael McFaul at an event sponsored by the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and the Hoover Institution to discuss how American economics can influence U.S.-China relations.
Melissa Morgan
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The congressman joined Michael McFaul and Amy Zegart for a discussion co-sponsored by the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and the Hoover Institution on American economic resiliency in the face of U.S. competition with China.

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This study investigated the association between household characteristics, perceived family support (PFS), and the developmental outcomes (resilience, academic performance, and prosociality) among at-risk students. Our large sample included 1564 primary and secondary school students from poor rural China (M = 11.55 years old). Having a caregiver whose resilience score was in the top 50% of the sample was associated with a 0.48-point increase (or 0.31 d effect size), while having a migrant mother was correlated with a 0.26-point decrease (or 0.17 d effect size). PFS was a significant (p < 0.0001) mediator between household characteristics and developmental outcomes. Our study highlights the link between caregiver resilience and PFS, and the healthy functioning of disadvantaged students in a developing context.

Journal Publisher
Current Psychology
Authors
Tom Kennedy
Scott Rozelle
Huan Wang
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Tools of the Trade: Shifting U.S. and Chinese Approaches to Trade Arrangements — A Conversation with Wendy Cutler and Gita Wirjawan

The Asia-Pacific region has been a key driver of the globalization that has reshaped the world’s economic and political environment over the last decades.  Bi-lateral and multilateral trade arrangements, from GATT to WTO to TPP and RCEP, have been key components underpinning the rise in global trade that have propelled development of so many Asia-Pacific countries into middle-income countries and above.

However, generating enthusiasm in the United States and other wealthier nations for new trade deals and further economic opening has become more challenging.  By contrast, China has become increasingly active in proposing and developing bi-lateral and regional trade agreements with its neighbors.

Do these changes herald a new era for trade agreements in the Asia-Pacific region? If so, how might future trade agreements be different?  How will global challenges like climate change, increasing nativism, digital services, and a changing political landscape affect and influence both the appetite for, and the shape of trade agreements in the region?  

Join Stanford’s China Program for a special conversation between Wendy Cutler, former diplomat and negotiator in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), and Gita Wirjawan, former Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia, moderated by Laura Stone, US Department of State and the Inaugural China Policy Fellow at the Asia Pacific Research Center.

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Wendy Cutler, VP of Asia Society

Wendy Cutler  is Vice President at the Asia Society Policy Institute (ASPI) and the managing director of the Washington, D.C. office. In these roles, she focuses on leading initiatives that address challenges related to trade, investment, and innovation, as well as women’s empowerment in Asia. She joined ASPI following an illustrious career of nearly three decades as a diplomat and negotiator in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), where she also served as Acting Deputy U.S. Trade Representative. During her USTR career, she worked on a range of bilateral, regional, and multilateral trade negotiations and initiatives, including the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement, the Trans-Pacific Partnership, U.S.-China negotiations, and the WTO Financial Services negotiations. She has published a series of ASPI papers on the Asian trade landscape and serves as a regular media commentator on trade and investment developments in Asia and the world. 

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Gita Wirjawan

Gita Wirjawan is an educator and host of the podcast “Endgame.” He is a visiting scholar at the Walter Shorenstein Asia Pacific Research Center, Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University. He is also the founder and chairman of Ancora Group, a partner of Ikhlas Capital, a Southeast Asia focus private equity fund, and advisor to a number of Southeast Asia based venture capital firms. Previously, he served as Minister of Trade and Chairman of Investment Coordinating Board in the Indonesian government from 2009-2014.

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Laura Stone

Laura Stone, a member of the US Department of State, is the Inaugural China Policy Fellow for the 2022-2023 academic year at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (Shorenstein APARC). She was formerly Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Maldives, the Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for China and Mongolia, the Director of the Office of Chinese and Mongolian Affairs, and the Director of the Economic Policy Office in the Bureau of East Asia and Pacific Affairs. She served in Hanoi, Beijing, Bangkok, Tokyo, the Public Affairs Bureau, the Pentagon Office of the Secretary of Defense, and the Bureau of Intelligence and Research. While at APARC, she is conducting research with the China Program on contemporary China affairs and U.S.-China policy.

 

Laura Stone, US Dept. of State

Oksenberg Room, Encina Hall Central, 3rd floor  
616 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305

Wendy Cutler (former Acting Deputy U.S. Trade Representative)
Gita Wirjawan (Former Minister of Trade of Indonesia)
Panel Discussions
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A Discussion with Congressman Ro Khanna on Rebalancing China with Economic Patriotism, happening April 24, 2023 at 2:30pm PT at the Hauck Auditorium at Stanford University

Ro Khanna, representative of California’s 17th Congressional District, will deliver remarks on competition with China, U.S. foreign policy toward Taiwan, and the economic dynamics of geopolitics, including revitalizing American manufacturing and building supply chain resiliency.

A discussion with scholars from the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and Hoover Institution will follow the congressman's remarks.

A question-and-answer session with the in-person audience will follow the discussion.

This event is cosponsored with the Hoover Institution.



Meet the Speaker


Congressman Ro Khanna represents California’s 17th Congressional District, located in the heart of Silicon Valley, and is serving his fourth term.

Rep. Khanna serves on the House Armed Services Committee as ranking member of the Subcommittee on Cyber, Innovative Technologies and Information Systems (CITI), as co-chair of the Congressional Caucus on India and Indian Americans, a member of the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party, and on the Oversight and Accountability Committee, where he previously chaired the Environmental Subcommittee.

As a leading progressive in the House, Rep, Khanna is working to restore American manufacturing and technology leadership, improve the lives of working people, and advance U.S. leadership on climate, human rights, and diplomacy around the world.

Ro Khanna

Ro Khanna

U.S. Congressman, 17th District of California
Full Profile

Hauck Auditorium
David and Joan Traitel Building
435 Lasuen Mall Stanford, CA 94305

Ro Khanna U.S. Congressman U.S. Congressman
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Parental investment in the home language environment during the earliest years is a critical predictor of early language development. Because most studies investigating the home language environment and child language development have been conducted in Western, high-income, and developed settings, less is known about such environments in low- or middle-income settings. This study was conducted in a peri-urban area in Southwestern China in a sample of 81 rural migrant and urbanized farmer families with children aged 18-24 months. The home language environment was measured using Language Environment Analysis (LENA) recorders and software, while early language development was measured using the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Developmental Inventories expressive vocabulary scale. Findings reveal large and substantial variation in the sample's home language environments and a strong association between the home language environment and child language development. Certain demographic characteristics, such as household resources, maternal employment, and gender, are associated with the home language environment. These findings highlight the needs for interventions specifically targeting the home language environment to improve early language development of young children and for more research on early childhood development in peri-urban China.

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Early Childhood Research Quarterly
Authors
Tianli Feng
Scott Rozelle
Yue Ma
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SCCEI Spring Seminar Series 


Wednesday, May 24, 2023 | 11:00 am -12:15 pm Pacific Time
Goldman Room E409, Encina Hall, 616 Jane Stanford Way


 

Winning Hearts, Minds and Taste Buds? Telling the China Story Using Public Diplomacy 
 

China is becoming the first country since the USSR that could challenge the US-dominated world order and the state has spent a huge amount on public diplomacy to influence global opinions. A main goal of China’s public diplomacy efforts is to “tell the China story” well. We examine how “telling the China story” does in the Global South by examining the state-sponsored educational programs which enroll students from the Global South in Chinese universities. One aim is to nurture the next generation of political and business elites who would develop positive attitudes toward the Chinese economic and governance models. We detail China’s public diplomacy effort in this area and evaluate its impact on attitudes toward China’s economic and governance models using original surveys, interviews and generative AI language models' outputs. We further identify policy implications against the backdrop of the ongoing US-China competition.


About the Speaker  
 

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Yue Hou (final 2)

Yue Hou is the Janice and Julian Bers Assistant Professor in Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania. This year she is a visiting scholar at  Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions (SCCEI). Yue Hou's research centers on the political economy of non-democracies with a regional focus on China. Yue Hou's research interests include how individual actors (e.g., citizens, firms) interact with the state and state agents that are not held accountable by elections, and how these interactions affect outcomes such as economic growth, government service, quality of institutions, and policy changes. 


Seminar Series Moderators 
 

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Headshot of Scott Rozelle

Scott Rozelle is the Helen F. Farnsworth Senior Fellow and the co-director of Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions in the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research at Stanford University.  For the past 30 years, he has worked on the economics of poverty reduction. Currently, his work on poverty has its full focus on human capital, including issues of rural health, nutrition and education. For the past 20 year, Rozelle has been the chair of the International Advisory Board of the Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Most recently, Rozelle's research focuses on the economics of poverty and inequality, with an emphasis on rural education, health and nutrition in China. In recognition of this work, Dr. Rozelle has received numerous honors and awards. Among them, he became a Yangtse Scholar (Changjiang Xuezhe) in Renmin University of China in 2008. In 2008 he also was awarded the Friendship Award by Premiere Wen Jiabao, the highest honor that can be bestowed on a foreigner. 
 

 
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Hongbin Li

Hongbin Li is the Co-director of Stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions, and a Senior Fellow of Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) and the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI). Hongbin obtained his Ph.D. in economics from Stanford University in 2001 and joined the economics department of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), where he became full professor in 2007. He was also one of the two founding directors of the Institute of Economics and Finance at the CUHK. He taught at Tsinghua University in Beijing 2007-2016 and was C.V. Starr Chair Professor of Economics in the School of Economics and Management. He founded the Chinese College Student Survey (CCSS) in 2009 and the China Employer-Employee Survey (CEES) in 2014.

Hongbin’s research has been focused on the transition and development of the Chinese economy, and the evidence-based research results have been both widely covered by media outlets and well read by policy makers around the world. He is currently the co-editor of the Journal of Comparative Economics.



 

A NOTE ON LOCATION

Please join us in-person in the Goldman Conference Room located within Encina Hall on the 4th floor of the East wing.

Questions? Contact Garrette Grothe at gtgrothe@stanford.edu


Scott Rozelle
Hongbin Li

Goldman Room E409, Encina Hall

Yue Hou
Seminars
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