Education for All? The Political Economy of Primary Education in Kenya
Daniel Posner is Total Professor of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and currently a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. His research focuses on ethnic politics, research design, distributive politics and the political economy of development in Africa. His work investigates, among other topics, the sources of ethnic identification and the political, social and economic outcomes that ethnicity affects-coalition-building, voting, collective action, public goods provision, and economic growth-with special attention to the mechanisms through which it has its impact. His methodological approach is to find creative ways to maximize leverage for making strong descriptive and causal claims, through the use of experiments (in the lab, in the field, and occurring "naturally"), new data sources (including the re-appropriation of data collected for other purposes), and the adoption of techniques from other disciplines such as satellite geography, public health, and behavioral economics.
His most recent co-authored book, Coethnicity: Diversity and the Dilemmas of Collective Action (Russell Sage, 2009) employs experimental games to probe the sources of poor public goods provision in ethnically diverse communities. His first book, Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa (Cambridge, 2005), explains why and when politics revolves around one dimension of ethnic cleavage rather than another. He has received several awards for his work, including the Luebbert Award for best book in Comparative Politics (2006 and 2010), the Heinz Eulau Award for the best article in the American Political Science Review (2008), the Michael Wallerstein Award for the best article in Political Economy (2008), the best book award from the African Politics Conference Group (2006), and the Sage Award for the best paper in Comparative Politics presented at the APSA annual meeting (2004). He has been a Harvard Academy Scholar (1995-98), a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution (2001-02), a Carnegie Scholar (2003-05) and, this year, a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (2010-11). He currently serves on the editorial boards of World Politics, PS, and the Annual Review of Political Science. He is the co-founder of the Working Group in African Political Economy (WGAPE). He received his BA from Dartmouth College and his PhD from Harvard University. Before moving to MIT, he taught for twelve years at UCLA.
Encina Ground Floor Conference Room
Japan situation difficult, but reconstruction on the horizon
Japan's massive earthquake and tsunami three weeks ago and the challenging recovery process continue to make news headlines around the world. It is difficult to separate fact and reasonable speculation about the future from the terror-filled coverage about radiation leaking from the Fukushima nuclear complex. In an effort to make sense of recent events, the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (Shorenstein APARC) convened a panel of experts for a discussion about the possible future implications arising from this complex and emotionally charged situation for Japan's energy policy, economy, and politics.
Addressing an audience of one hundred students, faculty, and members of the general public on March 30, Shorenstein APARC associate director for research Daniel C. Sneider expressed the center's deep sympathy for those affected by the natural disasters and its profound admiration for the way in which the people of Japan are dealing with the aftermath. Members of the panel echoed these sentiments throughout the event.
Michio Harada, Deputy Counsel General at the Consulate General of
Japan in San Francisco, cited official government figures indicating that,
as of March 28, twenty-eight thousand people were dead or missing and
one-hundred-and-eighty thousand people were still in evacuation shelters. Faced
with such staggering figures, Japan remains in a rescue and recovery phase, he
said, but is receiving a tremendous amount of global support. More than one
hundred and thirty countries have provided financial assistance, and eighteen
countries and regions have sent rescue teams. Collective public spirit is
currently very strong, Deputy Counsel Harada emphasized. Japan's challenge
moving forward, he suggested, will be to adopt pragmatic measures to fund
reconstruction projects in the areas destroyed or damaged by the natural
disasters.
Understanding the situation at the Fukushima nuclear power facility and the
information circulating about the potential health risks of radiation exposure
is complicated, stressed Siegfried S. Hecker, co-director of the Center for International Security and Cooperation. He
described the intricate design and structure of the reactors and outlined the
sequence of events up to the present, explaining the immediate, crucial challenge
of continuing to cool the reactors and deal with the leakage of radiation from
them. While there are definite and potentially very serious health
threats from radiation exposure and contamination, Hecker said, fear and stress
about the situation could also negatively affect mental and physical wellbeing.
It is too soon to know the long-term implications for energy policy in Japan
and other countries, he suggested, emphasizing the significance of learning
from this experience in order to improve any future use of nuclear power.
Robert Eberhart, a researcher with the Stanford Program on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,
proposed that the global supply chain is flexible enough to absorb any
manufacturing disruptions in Japan. He noted that in the past twenty years most
of Japan's heavy manufacturing has moved overseas, and that the components made
there are a comparatively less significant part of the supply chain. In terms
of the overall impact on Japan's economy, Eberhart suggested that the net
effect on the GDP would be neutral over the next two years, explaining that the
imminent loss of business and investment in some areas would be offset by the
growth of firms involved in the reconstruction process.
Phillip Lipscy, a center fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for
International Studies and an assistant professor with the Department of
Political Science, stated that events and immediate needs during the early
stages of reconstruction may have long-term affects on policymaking and the
government structure in Japan. For example, the continued use of nuclear
energy—a relatively clean and efficient source of power accounting for 30
percent of Japan's total energy consumption—will face public opposition due to
rising concerns about safety and pressing energy needs. In addition, while
Prime Minister Naoto Kan's prompt response after the natural disasters helped
boost popular sentiment for him and the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), how they
fare in the long term—especially with regard to the DPJ's relationship with the
opposition Liberal Democratic Party and reconstruction-related modifications to
its key economic policies—remains to be seen, Lipscy said.
Sneider closed the event with a comparison between the events in Japan and the April
2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill, pointing to criticism that the Obama and
Kan administrations have received for not regulating large corporations closely
enough. A prompt resolution to the dangerous—and contentious—situation at the
Fukushima nuclear complex is the most immediate concern, and one that will help
foretell the long-term political implications for Japan's government, he
concluded.
Although there is still a long road ahead in Japan—especially until the accident at Fukushima's nuclear reactor is contained and the actual after-effects of radiation are better understood—the underlying message during the panel discussion was that Japan will indeed recover and that the terrible events of the past weeks have brought people—and even the competing political parties—closer together.
The United States, NATO's Strategic Concept, and Nuclear Issues
In March 2011, NATO launched its Deterrence and Defense Posture Review, which will examine the Alliance's nuclear posture, among other issues. At about the same time, the U.S. government began its formal interagency consideration of options for dealing with non-strategic nuclear weapons in a possible future round of arms reduction talks with Russia.
Written for the Nuclear Policy Paper series sponsored by the Arms Control Association, BASIC and the University of Hamburg, it describes the thinking within the U.S. government on NATO's future nuclear posture, including Alliance declaratory policy, and the possible arms control approaches for dealing with non-strategic nuclear weapons.
"Betrayed": Performance of George Packer's 2009 play
George Packer is a staff writer for The New Yorker and the author, most recently, of The Assassins' Gate: America in Iraq. That book, which traced America's entry into the Iraq war and the subsequent troubled occupation, won the Overseas Press Club's 2005 Cornelius Ryan Award and the Helen Bernstein Book Award of the New York Public Library, was a finalist for the 2005 Pulitzer Prize, and was named by The New York Times as one of the ten best books of the 2005.
Betrayed
"In early 2007, George Packer published an article in The New Yorker about Iraqi interpreters who jeopardized their lives on behalf of the Americans in Iraq, with little or no U.S. protection or security. The article drew national attention to the humanitarian crisis and moral scandal. Betrayed, based on Mr. Packer's interviews in Baghdad, tells the story of three young Iraqis - two men and one woman - motivated to risk everything by America's promise of freedom. Betrayed explores the complex relationships among the Iraqis themselves, and with their American supervisor, struggling to find purpose while a country collapses around them." (coultureproject.org, where Betrayed had it's world premiere in January 2008.)
The play is directed by Rush Rehm, an actor, director, and professor of drama and of classics who publishes in the areas of Greek tragedy and contemporary politics. Along with courses on ancient theater and culture, he teaches courses on contemporary politics, the media, and U.S. imperialism. Rehm also directs and acts professionally, serving as Artistic Director of Stanford Summer Theater (SST). An activist in the peace and justice movements, Rehm is involved in anti-war and anti-imperialist actions, and in solidarity campaigns with Palestine, Cuba, East Timor, and Central America.
On Thursday, May 19, Packer will be in conversation with Tobias Wolff (English, Stanford) and Debra Satz (Philosophy, Stanford).
For more information, please visit the Stanford Ethics and War Series website
Annenberg Auditorium
435 Lasuen Mall
Stanford University
Stanford, CA, 94305
Developing a strong, well-rounded Korean-American identity
On March 26, 2011, Gi-Wook Shin, director of the Stanford Korean Studies Program (Stanford KSP) and the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, presented the keynote address "Teaching Korea to Korean American Students" at a gathering of two hundred Korean-language instructors organized by the Korean Schools Association of Northern California (KSANC).

Shin pointed to the connection between language and identity, emphasizing the
importance of developing Korean-language skills in children of Korean ethnicity
growing up in the United States. He noted the dual significance of having a
strong, well-rounded Korean American identity: one rooted in a solid understanding
of Korean language, culture, and history, with also a firm sense of being American.
KSANC is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing Korean-language
instruction and programming about Korean culture and history to children and
adults. Through its outreach activities, Stanford KSP helps to support the
mission of KSANC and numerous other non-profit education organizations throughout
Northern California.
International Insurance: Explaining Why Militant Groups Participate in Elections as Part of a Peace Process
Aila M. Matanock is a Ph.D. candidate in political science at Stanford. Her current research is on bringing militant groups into elections in conflicted states and, more broadly, on effective governance for minimizing conflict. She is currently compiling an observational dataset on militant groups worldwide, while also conducting survey experiments, primarily in Colombia. Before coming to Stanford, she was employed by the RAND Corporation to conduct research on terrorism and proliferation. She received an undergraduate degree magna cum laude in Social Studies from Harvard University, and also worked with the Belfer Center's Managing the Atom Project and with the Los Alamos National Laboratory during that time.
Reuben W. Hills Conference Room
Stephen J. Stedman
CDDRL
Encina Hall, C152
616 Jane Stanford Way
Stanford, CA 94305-6055
Stephen Stedman is a Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI) and the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law (CDDRL), an affiliated faculty member at CISAC, and professor of political science (by courtesy) at Stanford University. He is director of CDDRL's Fisher Family Honors Program in Democracy, Development and Rule of Law, and will be faculty director of the Program on International Relations in the School of Humanities and Sciences effective Fall 2025.
In 2011-12 Professor Stedman served as the Director for the Global Commission on Elections, Democracy, and Security, a body of eminent persons tasked with developing recommendations on promoting and protecting the integrity of elections and international electoral assistance. The Commission is a joint project of the Kofi Annan Foundation and International IDEA, an intergovernmental organization that works on international democracy and electoral assistance.
In 2003-04 Professor Stedman was Research Director of the United Nations High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change and was a principal drafter of the Panel’s report, A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility.
In 2005 he served as Assistant Secretary-General and Special Advisor to the Secretary- General of the United Nations, with responsibility for working with governments to adopt the Panel’s recommendations for strengthening collective security and for implementing changes within the United Nations Secretariat, including the creation of a Peacebuilding Support Office, a Counter Terrorism Task Force, and a Policy Committee to act as a cabinet to the Secretary-General.
His most recent book, with Bruce Jones and Carlos Pascual, is Power and Responsibility: Creating International Order in an Era of Transnational Threats (Washington DC: Brookings Institution, 2009).
Normalizing Security after Conflict: Jobs for the Boys and Justice for the Hoods in the New Northern Ireland
Brenna Marea Powell is a 7th year PhD candidate in the department of Government at Harvard University, and a doctoral fellow at the Multidisciplinary Program on Inequality and Social Policy at the Kennedy School of Government. She received her AB from Stanford in Comparative Studies in Race and Ethnicity. Her research interests include inequality, civil conflict and political violence in divided societies. Her three-article dissertation research explores the role of political institutions in redefining ethno-racial boundaries and social hierarchy. This includes work on post-conflict policing in Northern Ireland, racial policy in Brazil, and the politics of ethno-racial classification in the United States.
Reuben W. Hills Conference Room
New Borders and Their Consequences
Hein Goemans received his PhD in Political Science from the University of Chicago in 1995 and currently serves as Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Rochester in New York.
His book War and Punishment was published by Princeton University Press in 2000. Another book, Leaders and International Conflict (co-authored with Giacomo Chiozza) is forthcoming by Cambridge University Press. Other publications have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science and the Journal of Conflict Resolution.
Goemans is currently engaged in two research projects. The first extends the research in his first book on the causes of war termination and examines the role and incentives of leaders in international conflict initiation. This seminar will draw on his work for his second research project, which explores when and why people become attached to specific pieces of territory that together constitute a "homeland" and the consequences of these attachments.
Reuben W. Hills Conference Room
Hein Goemans
not in residence
Hein Goemans received his PhD in Political Science from the University of Chicago in 1995 and currently serves as Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Rochester in New York.
His book War and Punishment was published by Princeton University Press in 2000. Another book, Leaders and International Conflict, (co-authored with Giacomo Chiozza) is forthcoming from Cambridge University Press. Other publications have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science and the Journal of Conflict Resolution.
Goemans is currently engaged in two research projects. The first extends the research in his first book on the causes of war termination and examines the role and incentives of leaders in international conflict initiation. His second research project explores when and why people become attached to specific pieces of territory that together constitute a "homeland," and the consequences of these attachments.
(Profile last updated in September 2011.)