Helena received her PhD in Philosophy from MIT in September 2007. Her research focuses on the foundations and content of claims of justice and fairness as they arise in global politics and international law, and the relationship between these claims and their counterparts at the domestic level. She is interested in these questions both at a general level, and in connection with specific social and political concerns with a cross-border dimension (such as those that arise in relation to trade in goods, services and ideas; the environment; health policy; labor standards; development; and immigration)."